Кодирование трубопроводной арматуры как общая основа построения технической документации и конструктивной реализации изделия.

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Кодирование трубопроводной арматуры как общая основа построения технической документации и конструктивной реализации изделия.

Производитель трубопроводной арматуры,  проектировщик трубопроводных систем и конечный потребитель используют  условные обозначения и кодировку изделий. В производстве одним из основных технических документов являются технические условия (ТУ). Основным документом для продаж служат каталоги изделий.  Соответствующее построение системы кодирования трубопроводной арматуры может  стать  единой основой логического построения  выше указанных технических документов и конструктивного взаимодействия участников процесса запуска арматуры в жизненный цикл. Система кодирования — это не только способ зашифровать изделие, это — система координат, показывающая место данного изделия в пространстве возможных конструктивных решений.

Система кодирования трубопроводной арматуры в виде многомерной кодовой комбинации приведена  в статье Макарова В.В. Шанурина А.Л. Михеева В.Е. в Журнале  Арматуростроение  №5, 2007 .  Такой подход позволяет описать неограниченное  количество сочетаний кодируемых признаков. Большинство вариантов сочетаний при таком подходе будет чисто теоретическим, поскольку в реальности один параметр (код) ограничивает диапазон другого параметра. Например, высокие давления  практически не сочетаются с большими диаметрами.

Проектировщику трубопроводных систем описательные возможности многомерного кодирования конкретных конструктивных реализаций не являются предпочтительными.  На стадии  разработки технического задания (ТЗ) однозначными и заданными  являются условия и режимы работы. Кодируя, например, температуру, проектировщик должен понимать,  какие коды системы допустимы для конструкционных материалов. Сама же конструктивная реализация может быть многовариантной. 

Проектировщику предпочтительнее иметь алгоритм поэтапного формирования кода, который в итоге выведет на конкретное техническое решение и реально существующую конструктивную реализацию той или иной трубопроводной арматуры.  Решение данной задачи возможно при построении системы кодирования и структуры ТУ и каталогов по схеме «от общего к частному». Под «частным» здесь понимается  конкретная конструктивная реализация. 

При таком подходе система кодирования  берется за основу  построения технического документа (ТУ, каталога ) в целом. Система кодирования,  увязанная с ТУ  и взятая за основу при построении  общей структуры технической документации,  способствует объективной оценке проектировщиком трубопровода и потребителем изделия  его эксплуатационных свойств и соответственно-  продвижению  продукции. 

                                                  Принципы системы кодирования.

  1. Отражение условий эксплуатации и режимов работы.
  2. Отражение способа присоединения и присоединительных параметров.
  3. Отражение количественных  характеристик присоединительных параметров. 
  4. Отражение способа управления и связанных с этим параметров.

        5.  Отражение конструктивной реализации в графическом виде с табличным представлением              параметров и массо-габаритных  характеристик.

           Ниже приводится пример из ТУ  для центрических затворов.

А.1. Затворы дисковые поворотные запорно-регулирующие центрические

Структура кодовых обозначений параметров и условий работы затворов центрических

               AM 401 – XXX – XXX BXXX CXXX DXX EXX FXXX GXX – XXXX -X

              Буквы и цифры, обозначающие климатическоеисполнение и категорию размещения

              Класс герметичности запирающего элемента (ЗЭл) затвора по ГОСТ 9544-2015

              Номинальное давление PN, МПа

              Номинальный диаметр DN

              Тип арматуры – затвор запорно-регулирующий центрический

КОД Таблица расшифровки кодов материального исполнения и условий работы затворов центрических
В Материал корпусных деталей «В»
В503 20Л В561 12Х18Н12М3ТЛ В632 A351-CF8М В934 GG25
В504 25Л В602 A216-WCB В901 СЧ20 В940 GGG40
В560 12Х18Н9ТЛ В631 A351-CF8 В921 ВЧ40 В946 QT450 
Е Рабочая среда «Е» 
Е02 Вода холодная и горячая, пар, аммиак и аммиачные соли, окислители 
Е07 Вода, морская вода, воздух, минеральные и растительные масла и жиры, мягкие щелочные растворы, спирты, ацетилен, ГСМ, нефтепродукты, углеводороды 
Е08 Минеральные и растительные масла и жиры, синтетические и гидравлические жидкости, воды, спиртовые и солевые растворы 
Е09 Окислители, горячий воздух и газ 

Таблица А.1.1

    F Максимальная температура рабочей среды, °С, «F»
F90 F130 F180 F200
G Материал уплотнения запирающего элемента (ЗЭл) затвора «G»
G63 G66 G61 G65
Нитрил (NBR) ЭПДМ (EPDM) Витон (FPM) Силикон (SI)
XXXX Климатическое исполнение и категория размещения
У1(2,3) Районы с умеренным климатом от минус 40 до плюс 40 ºС
УХЛ4 Районы с умеренным и холодным климатом от плюс 1 до плюс 35ºС
УХЛ5 Районы с умеренным и холодным климатом от минус 10 до плюс 35ºС
Т1(2,3) Районы с тропическим климатом от минус 10 до плюс 45 ºС
ТМ1(2,3,4) Районы с тропическим морским климатом от плюс 1 до плюс 45 ºС
ТВ1(2,3,4) Районы с влажным тропическим климатом от плюс 1 до плюс 40 ºС
Классификационное обозначение
Класс герметичности
«А»

(продолжение)

Расходная характеристика
Равнопроцентная, при углах открытия диска от 20° до 70°.

При углах открытия до 60 – 70° затворы могут использоваться для дросселирования потока рабочей среды.

Коэффициент сопротивления
Для DN ≤ 500 ζ <0,3; Для DN ˃500 ζ <0,2
Направление подачи среды
Любое
Установочное положение
Любое, кроме положения электроприводом вниз для электроприводных затворов

А.1.2. Габаритно-массовые характеристики затворов центрических  

А.1.2.1. Затворы межфланцевые и межфланцевые с проушинами

Таблица А.1.3

КОД Таблица расшифровки кодов конструктивного исполнения затворов 
ХХХ Диапазон номинальных диаметров DN
DN40 … DN500 DN600 … DN1200
ХХХ Диапазон номинальных давлений PN МПа (кгс/см2)
0,25 (2,5); 0,6 (6,0); 1,0 (10); 1,6 (16) 0,25 (2,5); 0,6 (6,0); 1,0 (10)
С Тип присоединения к трубопроводу «С» 
С020 Межфланцевое (DN40 … DN500)
С021 Межфланцевое с проушинами (DN600 … DN1200)
С120, С121 Межфланцевое и межфланцевое с проушинами, с ответными фланцами под приварку встык типа 11 по ГОСТ 33529
С220, С221 Межфланцевое и межфланцевое с проушинами, с ответными фланцами плоскими под приварку типа 01 по ГОСТ 33529
D Тип управления «D» 
D01  Ручной (рукоятка)
D05 Под установку привода (фланец по ISO)
D10  Ручной (редуктор)
D80 Электрический привод

pastedGraphic.png Рис А.1.2

pastedGraphic_1.png Рис А.1.3

AM 401 – XXXXXX BXXX CXXX DXX EXX FXXX GXX – XXXX — X
DN PN

кгс/см2

Размеры, мм n×d Масса не более, кг
H H1 D1 L1) D01 D10 D052)
40 2,5; 6,0 138 68 100 32 4 универсальных отверстия 

для PN 6,0 … 16

3,0 8,0 3,0
10;16 110
50 2,5; 6,0 161 80 43 3,2 8,2 3,2
10;16 125
65 2,5; 6,0 175 89 130 46 3,4 8,4 3,4
10;16 145
80 2,5; 6,0 181 95 150 3,5 8,5 3,5
10;16 160
100 2,5; 6,0 200 114 170 52 6,1 11,5 6,5
10;16 180
125 2,5; 6,0 213 127 200 56 8,2 13,2 8,2
10;16 210
150 2,5; 6,0 226 139 225 9,6 14,6 9,6
10;16 240

ВЫВОДЫ

1. Предлагаемая система кодирования ранжирует и объединяет информацию в ТУ на изделие и делает ее последовательно-логичной для проектировщика трубопроводных систем.

2. Дает общее представление об ассортименте производимой трубопроводной арматуры в привязке к условиям эксплуатации.

3. Сокращает повторяемость и соответственно громоздкость таблиц при переборе большого количества  вариантов сочетаемых параметров.

4. Уменьшает количество процедур  согласования с заказчиком. 

5. Обеспечивает однозначное понимание заказчиком конструктивного исполнения и эксплуатационных характеристик трубопроводной арматуры

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